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The first thing to guarantee when designing the pneumatic conveying system

Author£ºniasi Date£º2013-10-26 14:53:13 Source:en.dgniasi.cn

The pneumatic conveying system is mainly used in the dry powder and granular products and uses air as the carrier. In general, the airflow is the ordinary air, but in some special situations, dry, cooling, heating air or inert gas such as nitrogen can also be used to transport airflow. According to the basic structure, the product (solids) after mixing with the airflow,driven by the airflow to carry through a certain length of pipe. This pipe is connected to the feeder or cyclone separator to separate gas and products. The pneumatic conveying system consists of four parts:
1. The conveyor line - straight pipe, elbow and diverter valve.
2. Separator - cyclone separator, feeder, filtration, feeder or silo/pipe to separate the particles and airflow.
3. Motivation - blower fan, compressor, screw, exhaust fan or vacuum pump, used to produce airflow.
4. Feeder - rotary valve, venturi tube, screw feeder, duct, or other material feeding device, put the particles into the air under control.

When designing the pneumatic conveying system, first, to ensure that it can finish the expected delivery tasks, at the same time, reasonably determine the type and capacity of equipment, and the problems related to this, the design, we cannot only look at the cost of equipment, but more importantly to consider the nature of the material influence on the quality, considering the transportation distance, transportation route, and the difficulty and cost of the operation management, etc.. For example, for some materials, all kinds of equipments are suitable for the condition of pneumatic conveying system, but due to the material contains a lot of water, with the adhesive and other reasons, we can't adopt the pneumatic conveying system, even if the mechanical conveying equipment cost a lot, we also should select the mechanical transmission mode.There has a same situation, that is when conveying some certain materials, for example, when deliver the  limestone powder to the the storage bin before to the circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace, using the pneumatic conveying system needs big power.At first glance the operating cost is higher, but if you look from the rationality of the system or the production technology, the pneumatic conveying is better.

In what circumstances and what kind of the method does the technical economical comparison adopt is reasonable? Generally speaking, in a relatively short distance transportation, the mechanical transmission is good; On the other hand, for a long distance transportation, although from the point of the required power, using pneumatic conveying system is bad, but in terms of the cost of equipment,  using the pneumatic conveying system is more beneficial. Equipment cost and the required power and operation cost on different ambient condition, there is a big change, so it can't be compared in general. You should also notice that with all sorts of platform support and ancillary equipment, there is also a very big change. In a word, when designing the pneumatic dedusting system, you should select the most appropriate transportation system and the corresponding equipment comprehensively through technical and economic comparison according to the project's specific conditions. If the system's output and transportation distance are set, then the system of economy generally depends on the ash and gas mixing ratio.From the energy consumption equipment, the needed power of the pressure (smoke) gas equipment is at direct ratio with the system pressure multiply by the airflow rate Iyou improve the ash-gas mixing ratio, the amount of air can be reduced. The transmission speed remains at some certain conditions, with the amount of air transmission is proportional to the diameter of square, that is the Q ¡Ø D2 and system pressure pipeline resistance is inversely proportional to the pipe inner rehabilitated, namely 1 / P ¡Ø D is not incresing square of th the direct ratio between the gas and ash. Therefore, it is beneficial to improv the delivery of ash-gas ratio, reduce the amount of air and the pressure of energy consumption of the (smoke) gas equipment: Secondly, from the system infrastructure cost, because of the increase in the ash-gas ratio of equipment and pipeline diameter, the stand and installation cost can be reduced accordingly.It is obvious to see the effect of reducing the system¡¯s infrastructure cost.


The larger of the ash-gas ratio ¦Ì , the greater for increasing the transmission capacity and apparently this will improve the economy. However, if the ash/-gas ratio is too bigit may arouse congestion under the same air velocity and the delivery pressure will be increased. For the low negative-pressure and positive-pressure pneumatic conveying system, ii is likely to exceed the suction pressure or exhaust pressure that the pneumatic mechanery allowedTherefore, the ash-gas ratio value is influenced by the physical properties of the material, transmission mode and delivery conditions. Especially for the positive pressure pneumatic conveying system, considering the size and structure of the pump itself, the inner diameter of the transporting pipe and the length, the number of elbow and the air quantity, ect., the ash-gas ratio is more naturally constrained.


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